The appearance of uncomfortable sensations in the neck, the shoulder girdle, and the chest - are the first swallows by the fact that cervical osteochondrosis has occurred.In this case, of course, there are mostly uncomfortable neck sensations.The other signs will vary greatly, depending on the stage of the disease.
So in cervical osteochondrosis, the main symptoms are:
- Back fatigue, periodic or constant.
- The pain is pronounced or worn.Cervicobrachiolgia - intense neck pain - against cervical osteochondrosis.
- The restriction on the amplitude of the engine rotation and the scope of the upper limbs, as well as the limited rotation of the head.
- Tingling of the limbs and various areas of the back - there is a change in sensitivity.
- Tingling of the face.
- Dizziness and pain.
- Increased fatigue.
- Hypotension in the muscles of the shoulder girdle.
The various symptoms of osteochondrosis for the cervical spine depend on the individual characteristics of the body and the degree of the disease.In this way, the symptoms of 3 stages of osteochondrosis are more widely manifested.
Dizziness
Dizziness occurs when sharp turns on the head or after sleep is performed.This condition can be accompanied by darkening in the eyes, tinnitus, shaking the condition of the body.
This condition is caused by the fact that the muscles adjacent to the deformed vertebrae are in the inflamed state.Muscles are often spasmodic.This causes a decrease in oxygen access to the brain, which in turn causes a specific state of disorientation.
There is also a vertebra deficiency (VBN) against the background of cervical osteochondrosis, which is accompanied by constant changes in the brain.This happens due to the fact that not all areas of the brain are irrigated evenly by oxygen and nutrients.And also osteochondrosis can lead to the appearance of a condition in which the spinal artery is compressed, which occurs due to excess pressure of the vertebrae on the artery.This condition causes the following symptoms - disorientation, dizziness, burning pain, etc.
Headache
This symptom is also caused by a decrease in blood flow to the brain and spinal cord.The drained arteries, due to the displacement of the vertebrae, reduce oxygen in the blood.This forces separate areas of soft tissues.The peculiarity of this type of pain is that it may not pass even after taking powerful medicines.
Noise, ears, dizziness, and another unusual condition in the ears - data and other symptoms are the result of cervical osteochondrosis.They are not treated independently.You can only eliminate them by removing the root cause of their appearance - brackets and destructive processes in the neck.
Air
Degenerative changes in the cervical region also cause:
- Weight in the chest.
- Pressing sensations.
- The difficulty in breathing.
- Lack of air.
Osteochondrosis and scoliosis, complementary to each other, compact and pinch the spine of the nerve.So, the original stage of osteochondrosis, which begins to lead only scoliosis, causes a feeling of lack of air, only like the background of innervation.
With the further development of the disease, the organs inside the breast will suffer-this is how cardiopulmonary insufficiency is formed.And also part of the muscles of the head is numb, which causes the face to numb with cervical osteochondrosis.
Nausea
Nausea attacks visit the patient usually in the morning.At first, such symptoms do not appear often and do not last long.But if it does not cure the disease and with the onset of old osteochondrosis, morning nausea will become regular and the duration of attacks will become greater.
The main thing in this case is to abandon the sleep of a high pillow.
Vision problems
This symptom manifests only after the disease has become more serious (second third).As the development of pathology occurs continuously, as a result, it affects the brain and nervous system, completely different fractions of the hemisphere can be affected.Therefore, this can affect the quality of transmission and processing a signal coming from the eyeball to certain parts of the brain.
Signs:
- Hanging in the eyes.
- Reduction of visual acuity.
- The appearance of black or dark spots and flies, which, as it was, swim over the appearance.
- Along with vision, ears with cervical osteochondrosis can be placed - the phenomenon is associated with changes in the vessels.
Symptoms of cervical osteochondrosis are also manifested by increased blood pressure in case of bulge with vertebral mobility syndrome.If you relieve high pressure without taking into account the causes, then there is a condition in which blood flow to the vertebrae decreases.This phenomenon contributes to the appearance of the brain of GIP.
And this one is in turn, leads to:
- Hanging in the eyes.
- Confusion.
- Dizziness.
- Dreaminess.
- Fatigue.
- Lethargy and weakness.
In order to distinguish the seizures caused by other diseases of the seizure with cervical osteochondrosis, it must be considered the fact that:
- The pain should occur abruptly.
- The substability of consciousness quickly appears, but also quickly and passes.
It is very important to take into account the fact that cervical osteochondrosis can lead to a stroke.But this influence is indirect because it is caused not by osteochondrosis itself, but by the changes that lead to.
Green symptoms
In the initial stages of the disease, light abnormalities in the form of distortion can be observed, which do not cause much concern.But here are what symptoms appear with cervical osteochondrosis in the future:
- The feeling of the presence of a foreign body in the throat.
- Dry, sore and itchy condition.
- A difficult process of swallowing.
Due to the fact that these symptoms can accompany other diseases, it is necessary to listen sensitively to your body.After all, the pharyngeal symptoms caused by cervical osteochondrosis will also be accompanied by other manifestations.Then, as extremely uncomfortable sensations in the pharynx, they are most likely to serve as a sign of another disease.
As a rule, the temperature of cervical osteochondrosis occurs due to nerve compression, the presence of convexity when the spine sticks out.This is the first symptoms of spinal hernia formation.
The intervertebral disc (abbreviated MPD) is a water pulp core in the center and the elastic, strongest fibrous sheath that surrounds it.The bodies of the adjacent vertebrae are adjacent to it and below.
Obtaining (and excretion) of substances and water in the intervertebral disc is due to diffusion (direct and reverse filtration, penetration of molecules into the disc and back) from the bone tissue of the vertebrae.
The gradual aging of the tissues of the intervertebral disc leads to the fact that obtaining the necessary substances slows down and under the influence of provocative factors (pressure, load), it ceases completely.
- MPD loses height;
- The vertebrae bodies are displaced, the nerve roots are squeezed and they begin to grow with bone spikes, trying to distribute the evenly increasing pressure (spondylosis).
Over time, the connections are involved in the process of ossification, they are impregnated with calcium at the point of attachment to the vertebrae and become a cause for hardness, restriction of the neck.
As people continue to load the spine - they are actively moving, sitting in an uncomfortable position:
- The bodies of the adjacent vertebrae are increasingly compressed than MPD;
- This leads to the fact that the pulpulated nucleus (more recently what remains of it) is pushed forward or back (more often to the anterior longitudinal ligament, since it is quite thin in the cervical region).
Such a convexity is called a convexity (the lining of the disc has not yet exploded, but only changed its shape), it presses against adjacent tissues, leading to the appearance of muscle tension, pain and other symptoms with which osteochondrosis of the cervix occurs.
Over time, the fibrous lining of the disk is still torn and part of the pulpic nucleus is pressed into the tissue (this breakthrough is called hernia).
At this stage (these are 4 stages), all acute symptoms of the disease can disappear (a small portion of the nucleus is absorbed or covered with calcium and stops to irritate surrounding tissues), or conversely, will lead to the development of ischemic brain stroke (oxygen starvation, death of the hungry area).
With osteochondrosis in the cervical spine, all manifestations are enhanced by stage to stage, the more changes appear in the intervertebral disc - the more severe the symptoms of cervical osteochondrosis are.
In the initial stage of the person, muscle tension in the neck and shoulders can be impaired, which is why they are quickly tired.Then the main sign of pathology appears - the pain it gives to the back of the head, shoulders, arms, chest, can be concealed as pain in the teeth.One begins to get dizzy, the concentration of attention weakens, vision and hearing fall, this impairs the quality of life and does not affect his ability to work well.
Gradually, the symptoms increase and enhance - a person wakes up with a sense of stiffness in the spine, during periods of exacerbation, any sharp movement (such as sneezing or heel on the floor) causes cut pain in the neck and along the affected nerves, it becomes difficult to lift the hand or hold the object in the fingers.
At night, palpitations can be strengthened or the appearance of a sense of lack of air may be worried-the patient cannot breathe deeply because of the pain, the person is unable to move, turn his neck, or raise his hand.
In symptoms, osteochondrosis in men is almost indistinguishable from osteochondrosis in women (they are more often worried about headaches).
1st stage (degree)
The intervertebral disc lost its elasticity and sagging.
At this stage, with osteochondrosis of the cervical region, there is tension, fatigue, muscle fatigue and neck pain.
The causes of osteochondrosis
The insidiousness of cervical osteochondrosis, like any other, is that it is able to develop for a long time without showing external signs.And then sharp pain and uncomfortable sensations occur at once.
Among the causes of osteochondrosis of the cervical spine, resulting in a degeneration of the cartilage and bone tissues are ::
- Incorrect distribution of loads when carrying bags.
- Incorrect position while sitting.
- Too soft sleeping place in which the spine is deposited in an unnatural position.
- The wrong pillow is usually too high, which causes an unnatural position of the head in connection with the body.
- A sedentary lifestyle.
- Changes related to age associated with the degenerative transformation of cartilage.
- Stress and nervous - emotional tension.
- Metabolic disorders.
- The harmful working conditions, for example, work on vibration platforms.
- Hereditary and genetic predisposition.
- When there is a storage disorder with active body growth, that is, the formation of scoliosis.
- Discomfort shoes, especially if it has high heels.
- Regular dehydration of the body, which leads to a violation of the metabolism of the water-sail.
- Feeding with vitamins and trace elements nutrition.
- Smoking and other bad habits.
- Pregnancy.
The main causes that contribute to the appearance of osteochondrosis are:
- Not proper nutrition and accompanying weight gain, creating increased loads of the spine;
- spinal curvature, improper body position, myodia, deformation of the foot;
- hypodynamia, lack of physical activity;
- damage to the cervical vertebrae and spine;
- Excessive physical activity for the body;
- a tense atmosphere of work and at home;
- pathological development of the cervical spine;
- The transfer of the disease through inheritance.
For the above reasons, an excessive load is applied to the cervical vertebrae, which is the reason for the subsequent muscle spasm.As a result, blood circulation occurs, metabolic processes slow down and degenerative changes occur in the structure of the intervertebral discs.They read to protrude outside the spine, become sweeter and change their appearance.
Often, osteochondrosis occurs due to the growing discussion that is applied to adjacent vertebrae.The discos manifests itself after long -term exercise, during which the cervical and lumbar departments are intensively engaged but do not participate in the breast.
Given the causes of osteochondrosis, it is worth noting that the basis of disorders is the natural aging of the tissues of the intervertebral disc.
- Hereditary predisposition.
- Congenital defects in the development of the cervical spine (deformity of the body of the first cervical vertebra).
- Damage and surgical interventions.
- Excessive mobility of the cervical region (for example in sports training).
- Lack of physical activity (stuck work).
- Breaking stand (stop).
- Age.
- Nervous stress.
- Hypothermia.
Factors that affect the occurrence and development of osteochondrosis of the cervical vertebra:
- Light weight.
- Sitting work, inaction.
- They passed injuries to the spine earlier.
- Mental disorders, nervous strain, stress.
- Poor physical fitness.
- Spinal curvature, scoliosis, improper posture.
- Incorrect body positions that are in the habit.
- Neck stress, back, through work.
- Hereditary predisposition.
- The body is unusual for the body, an increase in activity.
- Violation of the rules for a healthy diet.
The cervical section of the uterus of the ridge experiences an increase in the workload that the neck muscles try to balance during the influence of the factors called above.Muscle spasm occurs, the blood circulation of the body is impaired.Anatomical damage occurs.
A complete list of causes of osteochondrosis is very large.It includes both individual factors and their combinations caused by displacement of the intervertebral discs.But most often osteochondrosis develops for the following reasons:
- Heredity - if one of the parents had osteochondrosis, then one falls at risk, since the structure of the intervertebral cartilage is often inherited;
- hard work, loads that exceed the permissible sanitary standards for workers;
- The long stay in one position can also become an important factor.Often osteochondrosis is diagnosed in people with sedentary professions;
- various back diseases leading to spinal curvature;
- Vitamin deficiency and hypovitaminosis;
- Back injuries;
- infectious diseases;
- congenital spinal defects that lead to rapid erasure of the intervertebral discs;
- natural aging of the body;
- obesity;
- constant stress;
- Hypothermia.
People from young and elderly are the subject of the disease at risk.Among the main causes of the disease, they distinguish:
- Unusual physical activity and their improper distribution of the spine.They are characteristic of people involved in amateur and professional sports, heavy physical labor.
- A sedentary lifestyle and a sitting job.It also involves uneven pressure on the spine and the muscles that form around it.For people leading to a sedentary lifestyle, excessive muscle tension in the neck is characteristic.
- Traumatic damage to the spine and neck.In most cases, they lead to rapid destructive dystrophic changes in the cartilage and bone tissues in the spine.
- Anomalies in the development of the spine, birth injuries.Often accompanied by additional uneven loads, therefore, in most cases, they lead to the development of cervical osteochondrosis.
- Salt deposition, high blood salts and lymph.It happens with a sitting lifestyle with a stagnation of blood circulation.As a result, the salts come worse in the soft tissues, which contributes to their deposits in the spine and the further degradation of the tissues.
- Disruption of metabolic processes.In such cases, the balance of minerals in hard and soft tissues is disturbed, the vertebrae and intervertebral discs become fragile and vulnerable.As a result, the destructive changes occur in the areas of the spine, subjected to the greatest pressure.
- Standing, scoliosis, lordosis and kyphosis.For these diseases of the spine, accompanied by the curvature of the latter, vertebrae and intervertebral discs are also uneven pressure, which contributes to destruction.
When conducting a healthy lifestyle and timely medical care, the reasons listed can also be eliminated and the likelihood of osteochondrosis of the cervical region, whose treatment is long and difficult, will be minimized.But in the presence of risk factors, this likelihood can be increased several times.Among other prerequisites for the disease, they distinguish:
- hereditary predisposition to spinal diseases;
- obesity and significant weight gain;
- frequent nervous shocks and stress;
- low quality and unbalanced diet;
- Weakness of the neck and back muscles;
- Hormonal disorders, endocrine pathologies.
In the early stages of the progression of osteochondrosis of the cervical spine, the symptoms and treatment are simplified.The regulation and elimination of risk factors significantly reduces the likelihood of illness at a young age, and also relieves the symptoms of the first manifestations of destruction.
Symptoms and signs of the disease
- tongue numbness;
- crunching when turning the head;
- hearing deterioration;
- reduction of visual acuity;
- Optical effects, "fly" in front of the eyes;
- nausea and vomiting;
- neurotic changes (irritability and increased nervous excitability, insomnia, outbreaks of anger, depressive state);
- seizures;
- numbness in the upper limbs and neck (mainly during sleep);
- Feeling of instability.
For men and women with cervical osteochondrosis, the symptoms and treatment are identical.In addition, cardiovascular accompanying diseases may occur, lesions that generate blood pressure lesions may occur.In some situations, manifestations are improperly diagnosed and symptomatic treatment and therapy against hypertension are performed.
Treatment
Treatment of cervical osteochondrosis can be performed on the basis of conservative (medicines and not -drug) and radical (surgical) methods.The basis for the use of only conservative measures (as a rule, both in total) may be the first degree of progression of cervical osteochondrosis.
At the short stages of the development of the disease, surgery is required in the removal of outgrowths (if any), the restoration of the posture and the installation of dentures.After surgery, patients show a period of rehabilitation.
The methods of therapeutic effects are in most cases combined.With osteochondrosis of the cervical spine, symptoms and treatment require an integrated approach to achieve a steady result.
The use of drugs involves treatment with courses as drugs have a strong symptomatic effect but do not allow the disease to completely eliminate.In the process of therapy are used:
- No -gossip anti -inflammatory drugs.They help to reduce inflammation and swelling of soft tissues, as well as reduce the severity of pain syndrome caused by compression of nerve roots with vertebrae.In the first stages of the development of cervical osteochondrosis, NSAIDs are more used in the form of gels and ointments, severe pain decreases due to tabletized agents.Analgesic injections are possible in difficult situations.
- Mussorelaxants.The main purpose of the agents is to remove muscle tension and spasms in the neck.As a result, the blood supply and nutrition of oxygen are restored, the severity of the pain syndrome is reduced and one of the causes of osteochondrosis of the cervical region is eliminated.
- Chondroprotectors.They are not direct medicines, but they help to significantly improve the condition of cartilage tissue.They contribute to the processes of restoration of the intervertebral discs and strengthen them.They are used during therapy and recovery period after surgery.The action of chondroprotectors has been felt six months later since the beginning of administration and is constantly preserved with systematic use.
- Vasodilators.Improve blood circulation and blood supply, expand the vessels, improve overall well -being and contribute to the regulation of blood pressure.They are used in the form of injections.
- Caltives.They help relieve stress as one of the risk factors.In case of serious stable disorders, antidepressants may be used.
- Steroid anti -inflammatory drugs.They are used by short -term courses in cases where NSAIDs have no appropriate effect.The long -term use of glucocorticosteroids is not allowed due to side effects in the form of a decrease in immunity, worsening of the condition of the internal organs, bones, joints.
- Paravertebral blockade.They are used in emergencies to quickly relieve high intensity pain.Injections are placed directly in the affected area.The effect of anesthesia lasts for several hours.
- Vitamins.They help to restore metabolic processes in nerve tissues.Vitamin -rich products are also included in the recovery diet.
Medical therapy is almost never prescribed as the main and (or) the only method of therapeutic effect.Treatment with drugs is combined with exercise and physiotherapy therapy, diet.
The main indication of surgery is to narrow the lumen of the spine, which is usually the result of convexity or hernia.The phenomenon is often accompanied by stenosis, compression of nerve endings and blood vessels.In such situations, the symptoms of osteochondrosis of the cervical spine are pronounced and treatment with surgical methods becomes a necessary measure.
The choice of surgery as a method of treating osteochondrosis of the cervical region is done individually.The patient may be shown surgery in the absence of a positive effect of conservative therapy performed for six to eight months before.
Surgical methods are used to treat osteochondrosis of the cervical region:
- Dynamic stabilization of the spine.It includes the installation of a high -length silicone stabilizer that redistributes the pressure on the spine.The implant is introduced between the spinous processes along the back.
- Spondylodez.It involves the removal of the damaged cartilage disc, followed by its replacement with an implant.The mobility of the back, neck and individual vertebrae is restored and maintained.
- Laser surgery.During the operation, the laser beam is directed directly to the core of the disc, after which the convex decreases.Such treatment is effective in cases where hernia is no more than six millimeters.